AIML

AIML, or Artificial Intelligence Mark-up Language is an XML-based programming language. It was designed specifically to aid in the creation of the A.L.I.C.E. chatterbot. Although broadly described, the language is specialised to the creation of natural language software agents, known as Alicebots.

=Background=

The programming language of AIML was developed by Dr. Richard Wallace (scientist) and the Alicebot free software community between the years of 1995 and 2000. It formed the basis for the initial Alicebot, A.L.I.C.E., which has now won the annual Loebner Prize Contest for Most Human Computer three times, and was also the Chatterbot Challenge Champion in 2004. Since its introduction to the internet, due to AIML and the Alicebot programs being open-source, many thousands of Alicebot clones have been created based upon the original implementation of the program and its AIML knowledge-base. The development of AIML continues, and recently witnessed the release of the Annotated ALICE AIML set in the fall of 2004. The current most active implementation is Pandorabots.com, an online bot hosting and development company which provides free hosting for their Program Z Alicebots.

=Elements of AIML=

AIML contains several elements. The most important of these are described in further detail below.

==Categories==

Categories in AIML are the fundamental unit of knowledge. A category consists of at least two further elements. These are the pattern and template elements, which are usually coded in that order. However, this is not a necessary programming syntax.

==Patterns==

Alicebots are generally described as pattern-matching chatbots. This means that the program will search for patterns within a user s input and respond accordingly. The pattern element defines the pattern that will be searched for, hence its name.

==Template==

If a pattern within a category is matched successfully and it is the most accurate pattern that can be matched, then the category-specific template is applied to the chatbots response. This template can contain other AIML elements, which allow automated customisation of the chatbot s response. For example:

The user s input can become part of the chatbot s response. For example:

Human: Are you smarter than Hal 9000 ALICE: Of course I am more intelligent than Hal 9000.

To make the responses seem more human-like, they can be randomly selected from a preset list of possible response. For example:

Human: What is Wikipedia ALICE: That s a good question. Human: What is Wikipedia ALICE: I don t know anything about it. Human: What is Wikipedia ALICE: I have to process that one for a while.

=External links=

==Official Resources==

# [http://www.alicebot.org The A.L.I.C.E. Artificial Intelligence Foundation] # [http://www.alicebot.org/aiml.html Further AIML Code Examples ]

==Examples of Popular Online Alicebots==

# [http://www.pandorabots.com/pandora/talkbotid=f5d922d97e345aa1 The Original A.L.I.C.E.] # [http://www.pandorabots.com/pandora/talkbotid=c1776ae8ce354d1f Dawnstar] # [http://www.electronicbrain.evemail.net/aibot.htm The Electronic Brain Community - Artificial Intelligence Bot] # [http://www.pandorabots.com/pandora/talkbotid=829713883e34f760 Ailysse] # [http://www.pandorabots.com/pandora/talkbotid=b9b96b247e34f4f2 Lilith] # [http://atecit.dyndns.org/template=foxysmall Foxy Botachelli: Webchat Girl] # [http://www.shakespearebot.com Talk to William Shakespeare]

==AIML Communities & Alicebot Directories==

# [http://www.knytetrypper.com/ain.html A.I.Nexus:A Showcase for Alicebots on the Web] # [http://www.AIML.info The AIML Scripting Resource]