List of Unix programs |
This is a list of Unix Computer_programs. Some of these programs are standard utilities that will be found on any Unix or Unix-like operating system; indeed a system without such basic components as Ls or UNIX shell could scarcely be described as truly Unix-like. Others are more special-purpose and may not be installed by default. Finally, some items on this list are simply separate applications which happen to have been written for Unix.
Many MS-DOS commands are similar to, or based on these commands. See List of DOS commands for more information.
=System software=
==System Management==
*admin (Unix) – Administer SCCS files *rmdel – remove a delta from an SCCS file *fuser (Unix) – Identify processes by files or sockets *newgrp (or sg (Unix)) – Log in to a new group *Nohup – Run a command with immunity to hangups outputting to non–tty *pathchk – Check the validity/portability of filenames *logger – Make entries in the system log *UNIX shell – The Bourne shell, the standard Unix shell *dd (Unix) – Convert and copy a file (Disk Dump) *dirname – Strip non–directory suffixes from a path *echo (computing) – Print to standard output *Env – Show environment variables; run a program with altered environment variables *File (Unix) (or stat) – Determine the type of a file *strip – Discard symbols from object files *uptime – Print how long the system has been running
===Kernel specific===
*ipcs – Provide information on IPC facilities *ipcrm – Remove a message queue, semaphore set or shared memory id *date (Unix) – Print or set the system date and/or time *Uname – Print assorted system statistics
===Process (computing) and tasks management===
*nice (Unix) – Alter priorities for processes *time (Unix) – Time a command *top (Unix) – Produce a dynamic list of all resident processes *wait – Wait for the specified process *renice – Alter the priorities of an already running process *Chroot – Change the system root directory for all child processes *timex (Unix utility) – Time process shell execution, measure process data and system activity *kill (Unix) – Send a signal to process, or terminate a process (by PID) *killall (Unix) – Terminate all processes (in Linux, it s kill by name) *Crontab – Crontab file editor *at (Unix command) – Single–time command scheduler *cron – Periodic command scheduler *daemonic – Interface to daemon init scripts *sleep (Unix) – Delay for specified time *pgrep – Find PIDs of processes by name *pidof – Linux equivalent of pgrep *pkill – Send a signal to process, or terminate a process (by name). Equivalent to Linux killall (Unix) *ps (Unix) – Report process status *Anacron – Periodic command scheduler
===User management and support===
*su (computing) – Start a new process (defaults to shell) as a different user (defaults to root) *logname – Print user s login name *Passwd – User and group entries for daemons *write (Unix) – Send a message to another user *mesg – Control write access to your terminal *Who (Unix) – Show who is logged on *id (Unix) – Print real/effective UIDs/GIDs *Unix manual – Manual browser *locale – Get locale specific information *localedef – Compile locale definitions
====Terminal configuration====
*stty – Change and print terminal line settings *tty (Unix) – Print filename of terminal connected to standard input *tput – Initialize a terminal/query terminfo database
==Files and texts==
*Coreutils – GNU package, containing a lot of file, text, and shell utilities *info (Unix) – An alternative to Unix_manual *Unix_manual – Displays online manual for a program
===Filesystem Utilities===
*Chgrp – Change the group of a file or directory *Chmod – Change the permissions of a file or directory *Chown – Change the owner of a file or directory *cp (Unix) – Copy a file or directory to another location *Df (Unix) – Report disk space *du (Unix) – Calculate used disk space *Fsck – Filesystem check *ln (Unix) – Link one file/directory to another *Ls – List directory contents *Mkdir – Make a directory *mkfifo – Make a named pipe *mount (Unix) – Mount a filesystem *Mv – Move or rename a file or directory *Pwd – Print the current working directory *Rm (Unix) – Delete a file or directory *Rmdir – Delete a directory *Touch (Unix) – Create a new file or update its modification time *unlink – System call to remove a file or directory *Lsof – list open files
===Archivers and compression===
*afio – Compatible superset of cpio with added functionality *ar (Unix) – Maintain, modify, and extract from archives. Now largely obsoleted by Tar (file format) *Bzip2 – Block–sorting file compressor *compress – Traditional compressor using the LZW (algorithm) *CPIO – A traditional archiving tool/format *Gzip – The gzip file compressor *pax (program) – POSIX archive tool that handles multiple formats. *TAR file format – Tape ARchiver, concatenates files *uncompress – Uncompresses files compressed with compress . *zcat – Prints files to stdout from gzip archives without unpacking them to separate file(s)
===Text Processing===
*awk – A pattern scanning and processing language *cat (Unix) – Concatenate files to standard output *Cmp – Compare two files byte for byte *comm – Sort two files and compare them line for line *csplit – Split a file into sections determined by context lines *cut (Unix) – Remove sections from each line of a file or standard input *Diff – Compare two files line by line *expand – Convert tabs to spaces *fold (Unix) – Wrap each input line to fit within the given width *Grep – Print lines matching a pattern (now largely superseded by egrep) *join (Unix utility) – Join lines of two files on a common field *merge (Unix) – Three way merge of files (see also paste (Unix)) *nl (Unix) – Number the lines of a file *paste (Unix) – Merge lines of files *patch (Unix) – Change files based on a patch file *rev (Unix) – reverse lines of a file *Sed – Stream EDitor *sort – Sort lines of text files *split (Unix utility) – Split a file into pieces *tac – cat (Unix) in reverse — displays files to standard output in reverse order starting at the end of the file *tail (Unix) – Output the tail end of files *tee (Unix) – Read from standard input, write to standard output and files *tr (program) – Translate characters *Unexpand – Convert spaces to tabs *Uniq – Remove duplicate lines from a sorted file *wc (Unix utility) – Word/line/byte count
====Editors====
*Ed – Traditional line-based Unix text editor *Emacs – Powerful Lisp programming language–based text editor and general computing environment *ex (editor) – Text editor, often a symbolic link to vi (or vim) which causes it to run in ex emulation mode *NEdit – The multi-purpose X11 editor *nano (text editor) – Clone of pico *pico (text editor) – PIne s message COmposition editor *sam (program) – Bitmapped text editor with client-server design, by Rob Pike *Vi – Visual text editor *vim (text editor) – Vi IMproved, vi clone with syntax highlighting and many other enhancements *XEmacs – Popular version of emacs that is derived from GNU emacs
===Conversion===
*iconv – Convert the encoding of the specified files *NKF Japanese Encoder – Convert Japanese characters
===Other text processing commands===
*fc (Unix) – Processes the command history list *Find – Search for files through a directory hierarchy *tsort (Unix) – Perform a topological sorting *head (Unix) – Output the first parts of a file *less (Unix) – Improved more (Unix)–like text pager *more (Unix) – Pager *od (Unix) – Dump files in various formats, e.g. octal *cksum – Print the CRC checksum and bytecount of a file (see also MD5) *uudecode – Decodes a binary file that was used for transmission using electronic mail *Uuencode – Encodes a binary file for transmission using electronic mail
==Communication, networking and remote access==
*apache_server *Network File System – Network filesystem *Rsh, SSH, Telnet – Remote consoles *Samba software – SMB and CIFS client and server for UNIX
===Network system services===
*xinetd – replacement for inetd *fingerd – a daemon for finger – a program used return a human-readable status report on either the system at the moment or a particular person in depth *inetd – a Daemon (computer software) on many Unix systems that manages Internet services
===Network Utilities===
*Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol - the DHCP daemon *Ifconfig - a tool used to configure a network interface for TCP/IP *Ping - a network tool that tests of whether a particular host is up and reachable on the network *pppd - Point-to-Point protocol daemon *TCP Wrapper - Secures programs launched from inetd
===Network monitoring and security===
*Ethereal - a protocol analyzer, or packet sniffer , similar to tcpdump, that adds a GUI frontend, and more sorting and filtering options *Ettercap (computing) - a tool for network protocol analysis *John the Ripper - password cracking software *Nmap - free port scanning software *Nessus (software) - a comprehensive open-source network vulnerability scanning program *Security Administrator Tool for Analyzing Networks - the Security Administrator Tool for Analyzing Networks - a testing and reporting tool that collects a information about networked hosts *snort - an open source network intrusion detection system *tcpdump - a computer network debugging tool that intercepts and displays TCP/IP packets being transmitted or received
===Other communication commands===
*uux – Remote command execution over UUCP *uustat – a Basic Networking Utilities (BNU) command that displays status information about several types of BNU operations *elm (Unix) – Unix mail utility program *mailx – Improved Email utility *Mutt (email client) – Curses based mail reader *Talk (Unix) – Talk to another logged–in user
==Programming tools==
===Script Interpreters===
*awk – Standard Unix scripting and text manipulation tool *Perl – Perl scripting language *python programming language – Python programming language scripting language *Bash – Bourne Again SHell, standard shell and a script interpreter on Linux systems
=== Compilers and Programming tools ===
*c99 – C programming language *cc – C compiler *ld (Unix) – Program linker *ctags – Generate tags file summarising location of objects in source files *distcc – Tool for distributing compiles across multiple machines *fort77 – Fortran 77 compiler *gcc – GNU Compiler Collection C frontend (also known as GNU C Compiler) *lex – Lexical scanner generator *m4 (language) – Macro language *Make – Automate builds *nm (UNIX) – List symbols from object files *strace – (Linux) or truss (Unix) (Solaris) Trace system calls with their arguments and signals. Useful debugging tool, but does not trace userland calls. *ktrace – (BSD) Analogous to strace. *Yacc – Parser generator
===Scripting language utilities===
*expr – Evaluate expressions *exit – Exit shell, optionally with return code *return – Return from shell function *false – Return a value that evaluates as False *true – Return a value that evaluates as True *Xargs – Build and execute command lines from standard input *Basename – Returns the final component of a path *batch (Unix) – Runs jobs when the system load level permits *unset – Unsets a shell variable *continue – Skip the current iteration of a loop *strings – Print strings of printable characters found in a file *times (Unix) *test (Unix) – Test an expression *hash (Unix) – Command that remembers or reports command path names *shift
==User interfaces==
*X11 - Graphical user interface (GUI)
===Desktops/Graphical User Interfaces===
*Blackbox and its variants (including Fluxbox and Waimea (X Window System)) *CDE – Common Desktop Environment, most commonly found on proprietary UNIX systems *Enlightenment (window manager) – an open source window manager for the X Window System *FVWM and its variant Fvwm95, which has been modified to behave like Windows 95 *GNOME – GNU Network Object Model Environment *IceWM – ICE Window Manager *KDE – K Desktop Environment *Quartz Compositor – Apple Computer s GUI interface for the Darwin BSD based operating system Mac OS X *Window Maker *WMI (X window manager) – Window Manager Improved *Xfce – a desktop environment for Unix and other Unix-like platforms
===Shells===
*Bash – Bourne Again SHell, standard shell on Linux systems *C shell – C shell *Korn shell – Korn shell, standard shell on most proprietary Unix systems *rc shell – originally written for Plan 9 (operating system) *Tcsh – TENEX C shell, standard shell on Berkeley Software Distribution systems *Z shell – Z shell
==Computer security==
===Antivirus===
*ClamAV – Email virus scanner
===Cryptography===
*Enigmail – Graphical interface to gpg for Mozilla Application Suite and Mozilla Thunderbird *gpg – GNU Privacy Guard, a complete and free replacement for PGP (to do file and email encryption and signature) *openssl – Secure Sockets Layer and general crypto library *pinepgp – Filters which enable pine to use signed/encrypted email *Mcrypt -- Replacement for the legacy crypt program, can also make OpenPGP-compatible files.
==Linux specific programs==
*Advanced Packaging Tool – Front–end for dpkg or rpm *Debconf (software package) – Debian package configuration management system *DrakConf – Frond–end configuration utility for Mandriva Linux *dpkg – The Debian package manager *emerge – A frontend to portage *Fink – The Fink package manager *RPM Package Manager – Originally the package manager for Red Hat Linux, now used by several distributions including Mandriva Linux *Portage (software) – The Gentoo Linux package manager *Urpmi – Front–end to rpm, used by Mandriva Linux
=Application software=
==Office suite==
*OpenOffice.org *KOffice
==Multimedia==
*Audacity – Sound recording and editing program *GIMP – Powerful image manipulation package *GStreamer – Plugin-based multimedia framework *ImageMagick – Image conversion library *Inkscape – Vector graphics editor *Mpg123 – MP3 player *MPlayer – Movie player *Rhythmbox – Audio jukebox similar to Apple Computer ITunes *Rosegarden – Powerful digital audio workstation *SoX – Sound conversion tool *Totem (media player) – Media player *Transcode – Flexible command-line media encoding tool *Xine – Video Player *XMMS – Winamp-like multimedia player
==Web browsers==
*Dillo – Extremely light–weight web browser *Galeon – Light–weight old GNOME web browser *Epiphany (web browser) – Light–weight GNOME web browser *Konqueror – KDE web browser *Links (web browser) – Console based web browser *ELinks – Enhanced links *Lynx (web browser) – Console based web browser *Mozilla Application Suite – Graphical cross platform web browser & email client *Mozilla Firefox – Extensible Web browser from Mozilla *Mozilla Thunderbird – Extensible Email client from Mozilla *Opera (web browser) – Web browser and Email client
==Desktop Publishing==
*Groff – Traditional typesetting system *LaTeX – Popular TeX macro package for higher–level typesetting *lp (Unix) – Print a file (on a line printer) *Passepartout (publishing) – Desktop publishing program *pr (Unix) – Convert text files for printing *printf – Format and print data *Scribus – Desktop publishing program *TeX – High–quality macro–based typesetting system *Troff – The original and standard Unix typesetting system
==Database management system==
*DB2 *Firebird (database server) *MySQL *Oracle database *PostgreSQL *Progress (DBMS) [http://www.progress.com] *SQLite *Sybase
==Mathematical and scientific software==
*Maxima – Symbol manipulation program *Units (computer program) – Unit conversion program *GNU Octave – Numerical computing language (mostly compatible with Matlab) and environment.
==Desktop utilities==
*dc (Unix) – Reverse-Polish desk calculator which supports unlimited precision arithmetic *fortune_(program) – Fortune cookie program that prints a random quote *bc programming language – An arbitrary precision calculator language with syntax similar to the C programming language. *cal (program) – Displays a calendar
==Radio Amateur utilities==
*[http://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/tlf/ TLF] – Contest logging software *[http://jaime.robles.nu/klog/ KLog] – Logging software
=See also=
*List of UNIX daemons *List of GNU packages *List of open source software packages *List of KDE applications *List of GNOME applications
= External links =
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