Stream (computer)

In computing, the term stream (computer) is used in a number of ways, in all cases referring to a succession of data elements made available over time.

*On Unix and related systems based on the C programming language, a stream is a source or sink of data, usually individual bytes or characters. Streams are an abstraction used when reading or writing files, or communicating over network sockets. The standard streams are three streams made available to all programs. *Pipeline (computer) can also be understood as streams as well as any unlimited (non-packaged) information that is inserted by a device. *In the Scheme programming language and some others, a stream is a lazy evaluation or delayed sequence of data elements. A stream can be used similarly to a list, but later elements are only calculated when needed. Streams can therefore represent infinite sequences and mathematical series. [http://srfi.schemers.org/srfi-40/srfi-40.html] *In parallel processing, especially in graphic processing the term streams is applied to hardware as well as Software. There it defines the quasi-continuous flow of data which is processed in a Dataflow language as soon as the program state meets the starting condition of the stream. Hence the pure hardware description of a stream computer is explained in [http://www.east.isi.edu/~crago/hidisc/ HiDISC - Hierarchical Decoupled Instruction Stream Computer] *Filesystems can store multiple named Fork (filesystem) against a single filename. There is one main stream which makes up the normal file data. Additional streams can used to store icons, summary and indexing information, zone information (ie where the file was downloaded from) etc. Microsoft s API is explained [http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.aspurl=/library/en-us/fileio/fs/file_streams.asp at MSDN]

=External links=

*[http://www.research.att.com/~suresh/papers/mpds/mpds.pdf The GPU as a stream computer] *[http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfmid=796530 An Approximate L1-Difference Algorithm for Massive Data Streams, 1995 Feigenbaum et al.]